口译翻译需要避免出现什么问题?

　　口译的标准是准确、快速的进行传达，翻译公司对口译译员都是有着严格的要求，为了工作能够更好地完成，我们需要了解口译翻译需要避免出现什么问题?

　　The standard of interpretation is accurate and fast communication. Translation companies have strict requirements for interpreters. In order to complete the work better, we need to understand what problems need to be avoided in interpretation translation?

　　1. 记笔记贪多贪全

　　1. Taking notes

　　记笔记往往是前面记得很详细，后面来不及，因此翻译出来的东西是虎头蛇尾。笔记不宜过多，过多的笔记会干扰对大意的把握，特别是英译汉部分。一般来说，口译笔记应记录一些重要的概念、逻辑关系以及一些孤立的、难以记忆的内容，比如数字、专有名词等。

　　Note taking is often very detailed in the front, not late in the back, so the translation of things is a tiger's head and snake's tail. Too many notes are not suitable. Too many will interfere with the grasp of the general idea, especially in the English-Chinese translation. Generally speaking, interpretation notes should record some important concepts, logical relations and some isolated and hard to remember contents, such as numbers, proper nouns, etc.

　　2. “卡”在生词

　　2. New words of "Ka"

　　往往总是有一些难词或生词，就“卡”住了，没有跳过去听完全文，而继续停留在这一个词上，结果影响了对全文的理解。一般来说，口译段落中难词或生词的意思很容易从上下文中猜出。

　　Often there are some difficult words or new words, they "stuck" and didn't jump over to hear the whole text, but continued to stay on this word, the result affected the understanding of the full text. Generally speaking, it is easy to guess the meaning of difficult words or new words in interpreting paragraphs from the context.

　　3. “卡”在长句

　　3. "Card" in long sentence

　　口译针对的是正式场合的翻译，因此英语的句子有时会很长，有时一段话只是一句句子。平常要注意书中的定语从句和包含分词短语的长句。另外，可以调整句子的排序，只要把意思表达清楚就可以了。

　　Interpretation aims at the translation of formal occasions, so sometimes English sentences are very long, sometimes a paragraph is just a sentence. Usually we should pay attention to the attributive clauses and long sentences containing participle phrases. In addition, you can adjust the order of sentences, as long as you can express the meaning clearly.

　　4. 不熟悉口音

　　4. Unfamiliar with accent

　　如果有口音，就会感觉不适应，故要熟悉口音。

　　If you have an accent, you will feel uncomfortable, so you should be familiar with the accent.

　　5. 不熟悉内容

　　5. Unfamiliar content

　　不熟悉内容，就导致思考的时间太长、无法在规定时间里完成翻译。

　　If you are not familiar with the content, you will think for too long and cannot complete the translation within the prescribed time.

　　6. 欠流利

　　6. less fluent

　　“汉译英” 表现尤为明显，原因是英语不流利，不停地修正自己的发音和用词，以至于耽误了时间。练好口语是第一步。

　　"Chinese to English" performance is particularly obvious, because English is not fluent, constantly revise their pronunciation and use of words, so as to delay the time. Practicing oral English is the first step.

　　7. 词汇量不够

　　7. Insufficient vocabulary

　　汉译英和英译汉中都会出现因词汇量不够翻译不好，英译汉多表现在“漏译”，英译汉多表现在“死译”。 口译者并不要求能懂每一个单词，关键在于能使原文意思清晰准确传达出来。著名口译专家达妮卡·塞莱丝科维奇在她的书中这样提到：“译文实际上是解释性的翻译，是译员对原讲话的一种解释和注释，…以易于接受的方法转达给听者。”译员在翻译时，是再现说话人的思想，而不是对原文的文字进行一一对应。另外，要注意平时的积累，阅读 CHINA DAILY, TIME, BEIJING REVIEW, SHANGHAI DAILY ， SHANGHAI STAR, NEWSWEEK 等报刊对提高词汇将大有裨益。

　　In both Chinese-English translation and English-Chinese translation, there will be poor translation due to the lack of vocabulary. Interpreters do not need to be able to understand every word, the key is to make the original meaning clear and accurate. In her book, Danica seleskovitch, a famous interpreter, said: "translation is actually an interpretive translation, an interpretation and annotation of the original speech In an acceptable way. " In translation, the translator is to reproduce the speaker's thoughts, rather than to correspond the original text one by one. In addition, we should pay attention to the accumulation at ordinary times. Reading China Daily, time, Beijing review, Shanghai Daily, Shanghai Star, Newsweek and other newspapers will be helpful to improve vocabulary.

　　8. 心理紧张

　　8. Psychological tension

　　由于紧张，连中文都会听错。练习公众演讲会帮助你在压力下发挥正常。

　　Because of nervousness, even Chinese can be misunderstood. Practicing public speaking will help you play well under pressure.

　　9. 多米诺骨牌效应

　　9. Domino effect

　　在做英译汉第一段时特别紧张，没听懂原意翻得不好，影响了后面的情绪。不如抱着放弃第一段的心理，把注意力放在“听懂”而不是“翻译”，这将保证下面译文的质量。

　　When doing the first paragraph of the English-Chinese translation, I was very nervous. I didn't understand the original meaning well, which affected the mood behind me. It's better to give up the first paragraph and focus on "understanding" rather than "translation", which will ensure the quality of the following translation.

　　10. “语不惊人死不休”的心理

　　10. The psychology of "no surprise, no end"

　　口译的时候由于总是想用一些特别优美的词，因此耗费了时间，虽然某个单句听上去不错，但由于时间的安排不合理，可能后面就要出现漏译。

　　Interpretation always wants to use some beautiful words, so it takes time. Although a single sentence sounds good, it may be missed later because of the unreasonable arrangement of time.

中译国际翻译（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.